Teenagers and Use of Contraceptives

Adolescent pregnancy has been an incredible issue that has been broadly talked about and seen to increment in the United States. As indicated by the National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy 33% of young ladies in the US get pregnant in any event once by the age of 20 and a large portion of the pregnancies are impromptu (2011). Teenager pregnancies have been expanding because of the way that youngsters are not utilizing contraceptives to forestall any pregnancies and society doesn't work superbly on illuminating adolescents regarding the significance of contraceptives and ensuring themselves when they participate in sexual action, particularly at a youthful age.Psychological and socio-practical issues can likewise assume a job in high schooler pregnancy, a few young ladies choose to purposefully get pregnant due to their low confidence, not having any objectives for the future, having issues at home or regardless of whether their mom or sister were high schooler moms. Adolescents ought to have more information on insurance and the significance of contraceptives in light of the fact that not exclusively would it be able to forestall pregnancies yet additionally forestall explicitly transmitted diseases.As recently referenced youngster pregnancies are at a high by and by and teenagers who take part in sexual movement don't utilize the best possible types of assurance and society doesn't feature the significance of conception prevention. Sarah Brown, CEO of The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy expressed that the enchantment equation for the decrease of high schooler pregnancy is having less sex or utilizing more contraceptives (PR Newswire). Most youngsters are uninformed of the significance of having ensured sex it can change their life significantly. Half of all pregnancies in the US are unplannedâ€about 3,000,000 every year (NCPTUP).Unplanned pregnancies result from unprotected sex; in this way, the utilization of ant i-conception medication ought to be profoundly energetic so as to forestall any pregnancies. As they would see it review the NCPTUP reasoned that 46% of adolescents wished youngsters were getting more data about restraint and contraception. Rekha Daver, teacher of gynecology at the award Medical School in JJ Hospital expresses that there should be increasingly conceptive wellbeing instruction among youngsters to show them safe sex and appropriate techniques for contraception.Teens ought to be educated at a more youthful age to consider their future and how being pregnant can change and influence as long as they can remember, just as showing them the estimation of safe sex and what can be taken to forestall undesirable pregnancies or premature births. More wellbeing training in schools ought to be stressed to recognize understudies the dangers of turning out to be high schooler guardians and the significance of forestalling pregnancies by the utilization of anti-conception medication . Teenagers ought to have simple access to these contraceptives so as to secure themselves during sex and ought not be embarrassed to look for these assets since it is for their well-being.The media can play an unmistakable figure in youngster pregnancy and the utilization of contraceptives; it has its positives and negative points of view toward it. Numerous individuals are incredulous about TV arrangement that are famous among teenagers since some accept that it instructs them to rehearse safe sex or not practice sex at all to forestall any undesirable pregnancies, yet then again some accept that it lionizes youngster guardians that are on shows like Teen Mom and it gives them a higher status since they are presently mainstream and profoundly observed all through the nation.Some adolescents might need to follow their strides and accept that in the event that they become teenager guardians they may likewise become perceived like the teenager mothers on the show. Another TV arrangem ent that is extremely well known and seen among youngsters is The Secret Life of an American Teenager, it advises the crowd how not utilizing security during sex can cause a genuine extraordinary impact and turning into a high schooler parent is trailed by numerous mental, financial and social issues, for example, getting distanced from companions, not having the option to monetarily continue and care for an infant and accepting that others think they are sub-par since they have had a baby.In a survey directed by the National Campaign to forestall pregnancies presumed that seven of every ten youthful grown-ups between the ages of 18-29 would bolster a crusade that would teach ladies and adolescents pretty much all the conception prevention that can be gotten to (2011). Numerous individuals bolster the utilization of the media to teach youthful youngsters the significance of insurance and the wide scope of anti-conception medication that can be utilized so as to forestall pregnancies , this will help decline the high pace of teenager pregnancies later on. It additionally features the centrality of utilizing security to forestall any further wellbeing dangers, for example, explicitly transmitted diseases.Each year, around 3,000,000 instances of explicitly transmitted maladies happen among adolescents as indicated by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In addition to the fact that protection prevents pregnancies it ensures the wellbeing by forestalling the transmission of sexual maladies among accomplices; as per the referenced measurement, numerous teenagers are turning out to be survivors of these illnesses and the vast majority of the adolescents could have forestalled this by utilizing a condom, however most youngsters are not educated how to forestall these sicknesses so it is significant for them to get instructed on the point so as to diminish the pace of explicitly transmitted diseases.Another factor that assumes a conspicuous job in high schooler pregnancy and information on contraception originates from the teen’s mental issues and how their folks raise them. A few teenagers may confront troublesome issues at home or at school and feel discouraged and alone, some may have a low confidence and don't have a define objective for their future. Andrea Parrot, a Cornell women’s wellbeing and human sexuality master said that young ladies deliberately get pregnant in light of the fact that they don't perceive any life objectives in their future other than turning into a mother.She likewise makes reference to that teenagers don't have anything to take a stab at and have nobody to gaze upward to for deference or love so they accept that an infant might be a source to get unequivocal love. Parrot accepts that more projects that would enable little youngsters to secure aptitudes to accomplish life objectives, increment their confidence, relationship with family and instruction on sex and assurance would significantly dimi nish adolescent pregnancy; despite the fact that, these projects ought to be increasingly viable on the off chance that it targets young ladies at an early age with the end goal for them to be educated at a more youthful age and not submit these mix-ups later on in their life.The way the high schooler was raised likewise is significant in light of the fact that teenagers who were brought up in a solitary parent family unit are frequently left to learn life exercises and sex all alone or through friends, and a youngster whose mother was an adolescent mother or whose sister was a youngster parent also, is bound to turn into a high schooler parent themselves. Guardians impact their children’s choices, so guardians ought to advise their kids more on safe sex and the significance of it.In a review by The national Campaign expresses that 46% of adolescents state guardians impact their choice about sex, eight of every ten youngsters state it would be a lot simpler for teenagers to d efer sexual movement on the off chance that they had the option to straightforwardly converse with their folks about sex, and six out of ten youngsters concur that they don't utilize contraceptives since they dread that their folks will affectionate out. It is the parents’ duty to advise their youngsters about safe sex and contraceptives so as to forestall undesirable pregnancies at an early age and forestall diseases.Parents ought to be progressively open about the subject and feel great to cover the issue with their kids so their kids can straightforwardly discuss sex with their folks. Teenager pregnancy is a significant issue in the US, mental issues, for example, confidence, sociological issues like relationship with friends and guardians and social issues like society’s job on advising youngsters on sex and conception prevention assume a noticeable job in adolescent pregnancies.Informing teenagers at a more youthful age on the significance of safe sex and assuranc e doesn't just diminish the pace of high schooler pregnancies yet in addition decline the pace of explicitly transmitted infections. Having a more prominent information on sex instruction is the key factor for adolescents to settle on a sensational choice in their lives to avoid potential risk and consider their future before following up on a basic result that can change their life, for example, not playing it safe.

montaigne essays

montaigne expositions Montaigne in his Apology for Raymond Sebond starts his investigation into the human limit with respect to information with this conviction that just however God would one be able to accomplish genuine information. God is the main boundless, all observing, being with divine insight. He isn't dependent upon the laws and rules of the human space, and he exists in a domain outside of human cognizance. God is a perpetual, changeless being, and just from this state can the idea of truth spread. Montaigne accepts that the one tie that ties all fact is this thought of perpetual quality. Montaigne even states, Truth must be the equivalent all over the place (xxvi). He demands that the main result of mankind that has withstood the trial of time and has not changed since its commencement was the Catholic Church. The creed of the Catholic is classified as, What has been held consistently, wherever by all. The quality in the Catholic confidence originates from its static nature, which gives a wellspring of truth to humankind. Catholic truth is in exacting similarity with the presence of God, and information can just originate from a god-like source. Montaigne proceeds to state that, No animal ever is: an animal is continually moving, evolving, turning out to be. Man exemplifies the possibility of temporariness. He is divided, doesn't have divine thinking capacities, and has a limited measure of time apportioned to him. Human thinking, which makes the idea of information, is in face to face showdown with the characteristics of truth. Plato Aristotle, and Sexius Empiricus all surrendered the way that with regards to the person, there is no accurate standard of truth. All people see the idea of truth in an unexpected way, and along these lines, it must be related to a feeling. Like astute a human man can't have a universal knowledge of a certain being, or structure or thing. He can't in any way, shape or form know the internal activities of such thing just using his detects, he can just for his own assessment... <!

The Magic of Those Ivory Keys (Guest Blog!)

The Magic of Those Ivory Keys (Guest Blog!) This week I bring to you a guest entry from a very talented musician from my class, who is a double biological engineering (20) and music (21M) major at MIT. (and premed! muahaha) Jenn 11 has played at venues such as the Boston Symphony Hall (with the Boston Pops, no less!). Her other accomplishments at MIT include being an Emerson Piano Scholar and winner of the MIT Concerto Competition. In her most recent recital on campus, she performed the Goldberg Variations, of which you can listen to here (LARGE file! recommended: right-click+save as on the link to download the file and listen on your computer in its entirety.) So I actually did this interview back on April 23, but you know how MIT is :) Chris: Since when has music been a passion for you? Tell us about your musical journey prior to MIT. Jenn: I began playing piano at the age of four. Of course, at that point, it wasnt really my decision, and there were a lot of times when I felt pressure from my parents to practice piano. In the middle of high school, however, there was a point at which I kind of stopped to think, and realized, Hey, wait, I actually like this stuff! Thats when I realized the power of what you can communicate expressively with music, and it just amazed me. Another big milestone for me was after I came to MIT. I didnt expect to be playing as much music here as I am. It kind of just happened. I realized that, with the limited time we students at MIT have, I chose for myself to continue playing piano. I think that knowing with certainty that playing music was truly my own decision has solidified my passion for it. Chris: What is the most unforgettable experience during your music career at MIT? Can you describe it for us? Jenn: I dont think I can single out one specific experience. I would say, though, that I am truly grateful for all of the opportunities that Ive had at MIT for performance. Because of this, Ive been able to realize my love for performing. My most memorable performances include: two solo recitals, performing with MITSO, and performing with the Boston Pops for Tech Night at Pops. Chris: What do you think are the most unique aspects (if any) of fellow MIT musicians? How would you describe the music community here? Jenn: I think the spectacular thing about MIT students (in general) is the amount of dedication they put to everything that they do, and that includes music. Here are the numbers: ~1500 undergraduates take music classes while at MIT, and ~500 are active in performance. Given that, it is impossible to know everyone who does music at MIT. But I can say that playing music at MIT has allowed me to forge some of my strongest relationships here, both in the practice rooms and out! Chris: What do you think about the music department (faculty, music teachers, conductorsetc.) at MIT? Jenn: I think the music department is comprised of some of the most genuinely nice people I know. The great thing is that they truly like each other, and care tremendously about the students. Chris: Why did you decide to major in music? Jenn: I decided to double major because I realized that your undergrad years are the only four years in your life that you can basically do whatever you want, and I wanted to make the most of it. Chris: Can you tell us about the Emerson program? Jenn: The Emerson program is a scholarship program that can provide financial support for music lessons. There are two types of support: Emerson Scholarship, and Emerson Fellowship. As an Emerson Scholar, half of your lessons are paid for (you pay for the fall semester, the program pays for the spring). Requirements include: participating in either chamber music/ensemble/piano accompanying, performing in a master class at the end of the fall semester, and performing in a group recital in the spring. As an Emerson Fellow, your lessons are paid for in full. The requirements are: taking Advanced Music Performance (21M.480), participating in either chamber music/ensemble/piano accompanying, and giving a solo recital in the spring. In order to audition for the program, there is an online application form, and a 10 minute audition is required at the beginning of the fall semester. More information can be found here. Chris: What are your future goals, and how do you see music playing a role in it? Jenn: As of now, my plans for after MIT include going for an MD/Ph.D. Im not quite sure how the balance of practicing medicine and research will work itself out, but my research interests right now lie in immunology, and particularly the intersection of immunology and biological engineering. While music isnt directly a part of these goals, I know that I am as much a musician as I am a scientist. As long as I have a piano to practice on, and people willing to listen to me, I will continue playing and performing music. Chris: Real quick what will you miss (or NOT miss!) about MIT? :p Jenn: I cant believe that I only have one more year left here! Things I will miss: * studying piano with my fabulous teacher, David Deveau * the people here, and playing music with the people here * the music department and its stellar faculty * the biological engineering department and its amazing faculty Things I will not miss: * psets * winter/bad weather Chris: Any last words of advice for incoming freshmen thinking of doing something in music/humanities? Jenn: With music or any other activity you find yourself doing at MIT, do it because you want to. And, have fun while youre doing it! CURRENT STUDENTS! Are you a student who is double majoring or minoring in the humanities here at MIT? Do you want to be profiled here? Does your neighbor want to be profiled here? Just email me at ask-oasis [at] mit [dot] edu! You will have my unending gratitude as a reward :) Show prefrosh how awesome the humanities community is at MIT!

Globalization Only Desperation Has Been Globalised Essay

Since 2006, more than 500 Bangladeshi workers have died in factory fires, according to Clean Clothes Campaign, an anti-sweatshop advocacy group in Amsterdam. Experts say many of the fires could have easily been avoided if the factories had taken the right precautions. Many factories are in cramped neighborhoods and have too few fire escapes, and they widely flout safety measures. The industry employs more than three million workers in Bangladesh, most of them women. Activists say that global clothing brands like Tommy Hilfiger and the Gap and those sold by Walmart need to take responsibility for the working conditions in Bangladeshi factories that produce their clothes. From article by Vikas Bajaj published in The New York Times,†¦show more content†¦This may be the intention but quite often never materialises. The first important question to ask oneself is, if globalisation leads to uneven restrictions around the world then what does this mean for the countries, or on a micro-scale, the people in question? One form of restriction is very prevalent in many Asian and African countries. This is bondage labour and because of this there exists â€Å"persistent denials of basic freedom to seek wage employment away from ones traditional bosses†. (Sen. A, 1999) Many of these employees work for transnational corporations and are tied to their job because of financial restrictions imposed by the company. It is then fair to say that transnational corporations are the main faces of globalisation. In this respect economic and social restrictions may ensue. Similar to this is the restrictions placed on women seeking employment in many third world countries. This systematic denial of freedom is a â€Å"violation of women’s liberty and gender equity†. (Sen, A. 1999) This prevalent in many cultures in the Middle East. The 1970’s seen America giving enormous loans to OPEC countries in the Middle East. This meant a â€Å"fleeting illusion of prosperity for the receiving country†. (Friedman, J. 1992) When the repayments began many countries declared that they were unable to repay the loan. â€Å"Per-capita indebtness ranged from $200 toShow MoreRelatedSociological Ideas of Globalization: The Rana Plaza 2141 Words   |  9 PagesThe day before the tragedy, several cracks were noticed, yet the owner of the factory ignored the warning by police to suspend the factory. In addition, workers were physically intimidated which shows, illustrating the power of society and the desperation of financial condition as individuals (Hossain, 2013). 80% of the workers at the Rana Plaza were female; this was because their labor was the cheapest in the world, with the minimum income BDT being 3000 taka per month (the equivalent of 37 AustralianRead MoreThe Shipping News by Annie Proulx-Navigating the Global Hsc English Extension 11874 Words   |  8 PagesExtension English 1- Assessment Task 2-The Shipping News-Task 2(a) Formal Response-By Henri Rutherford Annie Proulx’s prose fiction novel ‘The Shipping News’ explores the complexities of individual’s navigation in our modern and increasingly globalised society. Proulx would agree with the statement ‘The global cannot be all bad nor the local all good. In our lives today, the two must coexist and we must learn to navigate both’, and her text provides evidence to this effect. The novel does notRead MoreOfw Remittances- an Economic Booster10937 Words   |  44 Pagestheir family and friends staying in another country. Remittances facilitate economic growth all across the World. The World stands as a globalised village. Many people go aboard for better education or for a better lifestyle. Through Remittance they do not need to worry about their loved ones at home anymore. Remittance transfers have existed for centuries, but have only garnered the attention of people in the last couple of decades. Remittance Transfer could either be domestic or could be International

Creon as the Tragic Hero of an - 802 Words

Greek tragedy would not be complete with out a tragic hero. Sophocles wrote Antigone with a specific character in mind for this part. Based on Aristotles definition, Creon is the tragic hero of Antigone. Creon fits Aristotles tragic hero traits as a significant person who is faced with difficult decisions. Creon is significant because he is king. This makes him both renowned and prosperous. Creon is not completely good nor completely bad; he is somewhere in-between, as humans are. The audience can relate to this and they admire his qualities of intelligence in political affairs. They can also relate to his ability to make hard decisions with apparent ease. These hard decisions are what lead Creon to fit Aristotles definition of a†¦show more content†¦Creons character meets all of Aristotles views of a tragic hero. Some people argue that Antigone is faced with tough decisions and a downfall, just as Creon is, but she does not meet all of the characteristics. While Creon realizes his wrong-doing and negative traits, and strives to change, Antigone does not. She does not change, but stays ignorant, even in her death. The only way to grow and improve oneself is to change. Creon changes, but cannot benefit from them because his death so quickly follows his transformation. The audience realizes how short life is, and Creons downfall causes them to re-examine their values and beliefs. It also helps the audience learn that it is never too late to admit you are wrong, orShow MoreRelatedCreon as Tragic Hero1586 Words   |  7 PagesIn the Greek play Antigone, Creon and Antigone can both be claimed the title of Tragic Hero. Creon was made king when Oedipus Rex fled the kingship. Creon is the brother in law of Oedipus, and was giving the kingship only because Oedipus’s sons, Eteocles and Polyneices were killed trying to fight for the thrown. Antigone is Oedipus’s daughter and Creon’s niece. When it comes down to who the tragic hero is, Creon most definitely walks away with the title. A tragic hero by definition is ordinary personRead MoreCreon The Tragic Hero1005 Words   |  5 PagesA tragic hero is defined in most cases as a literary character of great stature whose moral defect leads to tragedy but some self-awareness brings the character to make the right decision (World Literatures). That is why although Antigone portrays many characteristics of a tragic hero, the real tragic hero of this play is Creon. A tragic hero in the Greek world is very different from our perceptive of a hero in the modern world. When today’s society thinks of a hero they think of superpowers andRead MoreCreon As A Tragic Hero In SophoclesAntigone1509 Words   |  7 PagesIn Poetics, Aristotle describes a tragic character as someone who experiences an error in judgement, experiences a reversal of fortune due to the error, has an excessive pride, and receives a fate much greater than what is deserved. In Sophocles’ Antigone, many would argue that Creon is the tragic he ro of the play. However, he is not alone as the recipient of tragedy. A young woman by the name of Antigone also fits the characteristics for being considered a tragic heroine. A key element in the tragedyRead MoreCreon As A Tragic Hero Essay1650 Words   |  7 Pages Orens English 10H 26 October 2017 What makes tragic heroes different from an ordinary hero? A tragic hero is a character who is complex by nature, having the ability to give off distinctive impressions to different readers. Creon, king of Thebes, is the tragic hero in Sophocles’ â€Å"Antigone† who can be perceived as the antagonist on account of his behavior. One can say that Creon’s decision to prosecute Antigone for burying her brother made Creon look like the enemy. However, with further examinationRead MoreCreon, the Tragic Hero Essay1663 Words   |  7 Pages an argument of who is the tragic hero between Antigone and Creon exists. I firmly believe Creon is the tragic hero of the play. Creon becomes the typical fallen hero in Greek drama. He faces many conflicts, internally and externally, and undergoes quite a bit of painful emotions. One might say Antigone should receive the title of being the tragic hero, but Creon plays a more significant role by learning his lesson the hard way and en ding up as the classic tragic hero who loses everything at theRead MoreCreon Is a Tragic Hero Essay1492 Words   |  6 PagesThe Hero, Creon Aristotle once said, regarding his principles that a certain character is a tragic hero, A man cannot become a hero until he can see the root of his own downfall. This quotation is an accurate statement regarding the actions between Creon in the beginning of the play, and at the end once he has lost his family. A tragic hero is defined as a character of noble stature, the hero is imperfect allowing the audience to relate to him, as well as the hero’s downfall is caused by hisRead MoreCreon Is The Tragic Hero Of Antigone734 Words   |  3 Pages The civil war is over. After the tragic death of the Oedipus, everyone would take the throne from one year to the next. Creon orders Eteocles to be buried with full honors, while Polynices body is left to rot. Creon says that â€Å"anyone who attempts to bury Polynices shall be publicly stoned to death† (Sophocles 57). Antigone has disobeyed the decree and has been sentenced to death. While Antigone is awaiting execution, the blind prophet, Tiresias, informs Creon that he has angered the gods. BasedRead MoreCreon : The Tragic Hero In SophoclesAntigone886 Words   |  4 Pagesit presents a certain type of hero or heroine who is neither completely good nor completely bad† (â€Å"What is† 739). He or she must also be â€Å"highly renowned and prosperous,† have a tragic flaw, learn a lesson, and suffer greatly (â€Å"What is† 739). Therefore, in Antigone by Sophocles, Creon is the tragic hero because he is a king who has the tragic flaw of pride, learns to respect god’s law, and suffers more than he deserves. The first thing that makes Creon a tragic hero is his pride. When the ChoragosRead MoreCreon: A Tragic Hero in Antigone606 Words   |  2 Pagesqualifications of a tragic hero vary between Aristotle and Shakespeare. Aristotle thinks of a tragic hero as someone who is a noble character by choice and makes his/her own destiny, while Shakespeare sees a tragic hero as someone who is born of nobility and born to be important. Although both tragic heros end in a tragic death that effects many people, not all tragic heros fit perfectly into both categories. In Sophocles’ Antigone, Creon is considered a tragic hero. Creon follows Aristotles definitionRead MoreEssay about Creon the Tragic Hero931 Words   |  4 Pagesplay Antigone by Sophocles,one could easily be lead to believe Antigone is the the tragic hero when in fact a strong case can be made that Creon, the king of Thebes, is actually the tragic hero. In believing that Creon is the tragic hero it would seem practical to call the play Creon rather than Antigone. On the other hand, naming the play Antigone gives the play a twist that leads the audience into a dynamically tragic journey through the lives of a prestigious royal family and it gives birth to thoughts

Investment Analysis And Strategy Free Essays

Introduction Part A of this paper describes the reasons for selecting corporate bonds as opposed to other types of bonds. Part D defines the benchmarks for each portfolio to compare results at the end of the investment period. Part A Investing in bonds is one of the most challenging investment decisions that investors have to make. We will write a custom essay sample on Investment Analysis And Strategy or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is due to the wide variety of bonds that exist on the market in the financial services. This therefore gives the investor not only a wide range of choices but also one of which has many risks. Corporate bonds are good investment areas for financial institutions but also have inherent risks associated with them and the investor must evaluate this first before buying them (Choudhry, 2011, p. 57). In choosing the particular corporate bonds, we were guided by a number of factors. One of them is that the corporate bonds we selected have higher yields within a short time when compared to others like government bonds. Given the time period that we intend to invest in these bonds, the high risks which are always associated with high yielding bonds can be offset during the short period. We also needed a lump sum and dependable income that is steady and allows us to preserve our principal investment. All the corporate bonds we selected from financial institutions have higher rating whic h makes the safety of our investment guaranteed as seen through the likelihood of repayment of our principal investments and the expected annualized interest. Moreover, we chose corporate bonds as opposed to government bonds because of the diversification of sectors, the quality of credit, and the structure of bonds which are almost in tandem with our objectives for investments (Choudhry, 2004, p.33). The diversity of corporate bonds means that we have more options to choose the most dependable bonds that give better repayment of our principal investment of 20 million pounds while allowing us to market the bonds easily at the end of the one year period. Unlike the government bonds which require longer time to market, corporate bonds can be marketed easily because of their small size and the liquidity of corporate bonds in the market (Ramaswamy, 2004, p. 22). Part D A benchmark index is a standard which is used to evaluate the performance of a security performance or investment. Several benchmark indexes are used in the financial investments including the SP 500, the Russell 2000 Index, and the Dow Jones Industrial Average among many other indexes. Benchmark indexes are important because they help the investor to track the performance of the bonds or stocks on selected markets. The selected benchmark index will assist us in evaluating each of our portfolios on the bond market by allowing us to track the changing values to indicate a stronger or weaker performance and thus enable us to measure our bond portfolios. Because of the variety of industries in which we have bought our bonds, we will have different benchmark indexes used in each of the industry to enable us to discern the broader performance of the market. Our result at the end of the investment period will be evaluated against the benchmark indexes set by the European Central Bank, the UK Central Bank, and the US Federal Bank. Occasionally, bond investors are supposed to choose a market index or a combination of market indexes which act as the portfolio benchmarks and helps in tracking the performance of the bonds in a given market segment (Maginn, Tuttle McLeavey, 2010, p. 36). With our investment, there are different market segments ranging from finance to housing and will help in tracking the returns on a buy-and-hold basis. Moreover, our benchmark indexes does not attempt to determine the most attractive securities so that we are able to compare actively managed performance portfolio among the selected bonds. Several factors may cause each of the portfolios to perform differently from the benchmark in what is known as tracking error. However, the tracking error is always positive and is equal to the annualized standard variance of monthly surplus returns (Fabozzi, Martellini Priaulet, 2006, p. 45). The tracking error will help us to identify investment choices in the future in case we decide to invest in bonds after the period of one year. The benchmark indexes used in our portfolio management have sufficient securities for easier buying. The benchmarks we have selected for each portfolio to present an unambiguous and transparent approach, gives clear weights of securities constituted in the benchmark. It is also considered that the benchmark indexes have securities that can be purchased in the market or reflect the performance of the markets in that sector. We have also considered that the benchmark indexes selected are priced on a daily basis to allow comparison of our performance on a daily basis in the one year maturation period. Moreover, the availability of historical data relates to each of the benchmark index selected for the portfolio is important because it will help us at estimate the returns we anticipate from our investment. We also anticipate that the selected benchmark indexes have a low turnover so that it is not difficult for us to base the allocation of portfolios on the index whose composition changes frequently. More importantly are the frequent updates from the benchmark provider detailing the risk characteristics to enable the comparison of the active and passive benchmark risks facing the investment portfolios (Fabozzi, Martellini Priaulet, 2006, p. 45). In selecting each of the benchmark indexes for the portfolio we have evaluated the volatility tolerance and risks associated with one year investment bonds and thus all the benchmarks have high long-term returns and therefore present absolute returns for a shorter period of one year. We have also considered the liquidity of our portfolios and selected benchmark indexes with short duration while avoiding benchmarks with greater risks even with less liquidity and higher interest rates. The selected benchmarks meet the liquidity profile of our investment and thus serve as essential tools which will be useful during our investment period. Another consideration for selecting each of the benchmark has been the range and diversity of our securities and bonds. The benchmark indexes are wide enough to allow the contribution of the portfolio’s overall performance by actively managing the market forces which are likely to have negative impacts on the interest rates anticipated at the end of the year (Maginn, Tuttle McLeavey, 2010, p. 56). References Choudhry, M. (2004).Corporate Bonds and Structured Financial Products. London: Butterworth-Heinemann. Choudhry, M. (2011). Corporate Bond Markets: Instruments and Applications. Hoboken; John Wiley Sons. Fabozzi, F. J., Martellini, L. Priaulet, P. (2006), Advanced Bond Portfolio Management: Best Practices in Modeling and Strategies. Hoboken; John Wiley Sons. Maginn, J. L., Tuttle, D. L. McLeavey, D. W. (2010), Managing Investment Portfolios: A Dynamic Process. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons Ramaswamy, S. (2004), Managing Credit Risk in Corporate Bond Portfolios: A Practitioner’s Guide. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons. How to cite Investment Analysis And Strategy, Essay examples

Material Technology for Faulty Blowout Preventer - MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theMaterial Technology for Faulty Blowout Preventer. Answer: Introduction There was an oil spill approximately 50 meters from the Louisiana coast that claimed the lives of 11 workers. The incidence is squarely blamed on bad management of the oil rig company, British Petroleum (BP). According to preliminary investigations, it is believed that the safety device on the underwater well had several failures and wasnt tested properly during its manufacturing. The blowout failed and forensic investigations reveal that the device had faulty wiring in two places, a dead battery and a bent pipe in the hulking device. As a result, the system fault led into the spillage of more than 172 million gallons of oil into the Gulf of Mexico, an event today considered being the worst offshore oil disaster in the world (Liu et al., 2015). Massive blowouts are normally deployed at the top of underwater wells. During emergency, the devices apply several mechanisms such as shears and clamps to choke off oil from flowing upstream the pipe and to disconnect the oil rig from the well. The blowouts can operate automatically if there is no fluid pressure or during disconnection of electricity, and they can also operate manually. The device that failed was already 9-years, nearly 57 feet tall and weighed approximately 400 tons. Investigations have revealed several anomalies into the cause of the explosions including poor decision, management problems, botched tests, fluid pressure, drilling mud and screw ups with cement. The blowout preventer was designed to dissuade high pressure oil and gas flow and failed to seal the well because the pipe buckled, caused an explosion and oil spilled into the sea. It is believed that the anomaly occurred due to poor engineering design whereby precision in developing the blowout was not taken into much considerations. According to a report published by the Chemical Safety Board (CSB), the pipe buckling occurred during the first minute of the blowout incidence when crews desperately tried to regain control of the oil and gas fluids surging up from Macondo well. Despite the fact that investigations reveal that the Macondo drill pipe was in a buckled states, it is assumed that its conditions could had generated days before. After the components of the blowout preventer were tested, it was concluded that the blow out preventer activated itself during the night of the accident days earlier than other investigations revealed. Rather than cleanly cutting and sealing the wells drill pipe, the shear ram actually punctured the buckled, off-center pipe, dissipating huge volumes of oil and gas that surged towards the surface hence precipitating the 87-day long oil and gas release into the sea hence defying multiple efforts to bring the whole incidence under control. According to forensic investigations, the BSR blades were unable to shear a 5.5 inch drill string hence seal against the other since the drill string existed at the side and not at the center of the BOP annulus. Practical evidence suggests that the asymmetric dents existing at the drill pipe that are sheared by rams which are impressed into steel 0.350 thick matched with the geometry of the blocks hence leaving minimal room for maneuvering and the drill string was under significant compressive load that lead into the fracture (Papadimitriou, 2016). It is therefore evident that upper and middle VBRs sealed the well for a short span before the explosion, hence responsible the huge pressure spike in the drill. Further investigations revealed that the VBRs were found with their ST lock sets implying that the units were static irrespective of the pressure exerted until the BOP was retrieved. During this specific time, the only existing flow path for the hydrocarbons for the formation of t he rig was the drill string. Due to the timing of the BSR activation, attention shifts to the potential sources of compression in the drill string that generated the off-center position in the BSR. Several mathematical algorithms can be used to support this particular analogy that indicates that the pressure in the formation was sufficient to lift drill string and generate the necessary compression. The assumption can be depicted through the following formula: 5.5=in drill pipe = 23.75in2. X 7,000 pound per square inch (psi) = 166,250 1b. lift Other findings indicate that the crew had no information that the well was flowing until med exited and was expelled out of the riser by the flow. In a response to such a situation, early detection and control flow are important if impending blowout is to be averted by the oil rig whose application of a full-flowing well is untested. References Liu, Z., Liu, Y., Cai, B., Li, X. and Tian, X., 2015. Application of Petri nets to performance evaluation of subsea blowout preventer system. ISA transactions, 54, pp.240-249. Papadimitriou, S., Papadimitriou, W., Papadimitriou, J.A. and Papadimitriou, N.A., 2016. Autonomous blowout preventer. U.S. Patent Application 15/134,745.